19 heads
Wood to Netherite, from 1 to 4.5 base damage. Any head works with any stick and feather.
Build an arrow
Combine any of 19 heads with any stick and feather. Heads hit harder, sticks change the arc, feathers change the range. Add your own with datapacks, no code needed. For Arrow+ 26.3.0.2+, 26.2.0.2+ and 26.1.2.104+ on Fabric and NeoForge.
